Scott County · Iowa
Bettendorf B21 · Style 6
Research checked October 21, 2026
General election · November 3, 2026

Bettendorf B21 Ballot Guide

A sourced guide to the candidates, judicial retention questions and constitutional amendment on the Bettendorf B21 sample ballot.

Where to vote · B21

Bettendorf Public Library

2950 Learning Campus Dr.
Bettendorf, IA 52722

Tuesday, November 3, 2026
7:00 a.m.–8:00 p.m. Central

Election Day location for Bettendorf Ward 2, Precinct 1. Checked October 21, 2026 against Scott County’s precinct directory and election hours notice. Check the county lookup before you go; polling locations can change.

46named candidates
17candidate contests
11judicial decisions
1amendment

Read the record, not just the color. Abortion appears first in every candidate entry. Current pledges, historical votes and limited statements are labeled separately. No position is inferred from party affiliation.

Prior votes by candidates for auditor, treasurer or county supervisor do not mean those offices can repeal state abortion law. “Not verified” means an evidence gap, not neutrality. “No platform found” means no substantive published platform was located.

Showing all 44 candidate entries (46 people; two joint tickets)Judges and amendment remain below.
01

Federal offices

United States Senator

Represents Iowa in federal lawmaking, spending and oversight, and votes on presidential nominees and treaties. Official role ↗

Vote for one
Democratic

Josh Turek

Abortion access
Restore abortion accessCurrent campaign
Supports restoring access. Campaigns to restore Roe v. Wade protections in federal law and sponsored legislation to repeal Iowa’s abortion ban. Campaign platform
Other documented priorities

Supports raising and indexing the minimum wage, stronger collective-bargaining rights, restrictions on private-equity purchases of homes and farmland, expanded Medicaid and ACA coverage, Medicare drug-price negotiations, restoring federal abortion protections, and greater disability access. Campaign platform.

Republican

Ashley Hinson

Abortion access
Supports restrictionsVoting record · 2018 / 2022
Supports restrictions. Voted for Iowa’s 2018 law restricting abortion after detectable cardiac activity and against the federal Women’s Health Protection Act in 2022. 2018 roll call, 2022 congressional vote
Other documented priorities

Supports lower taxes and spending, first-home savings accounts, restrictions on institutional purchases of single-family homes, prescription-drug/PBM reform, rural healthcare, agricultural exports and year-round E15. Supports immigration enforcement and deporting dangerous criminal immigrants, and banning congressional stock trading. Campaign issues.

Libertarian

Thomas Laehn

Abortion access
Leave policy to statesCurrent campaign
Supports state control. Explicitly says Congress should have no role in regulating abortion and that states should determine policy. This does not establish which restrictions he favors within Iowa. Campaign issues
Other documented priorities

Opposes eminent domain for private commercial gain and presidential wars without congressional approval. Supports a balanced-budget amendment, greater legal immigration alongside border security, federal marijuana decriminalization, and leaving abortion regulation to states. Campaign issues.

United States Representative, District 1

Represents this congressional district in federal lawmaking, spending and oversight of the executive branch. Official role ↗

Vote for one
Democratic

Christina Bohannan

Abortion access
Restore abortion accessCurrent campaign
Supports restoring access. Campaigns to restore Roe protections through federal legislation and opposes Iowa’s six-week abortion restriction. Campaign priorities
Other documented priorities

Supports ending the administration’s tariffs, expanding affordable housing, limiting investment-firm purchases of homes and farmland, broader Medicare drug negotiations and a $35 insulin cap for everyone. Proposes congressional stock-trading restrictions, term and age limits, and stronger independent ethics enforcement. Campaign priorities.

Republican

Mariannette Miller-Meeks

Abortion access
Supports restrictionsVote and statement · 2022
Supports restrictions. Voted against the Women’s Health Protection Act in 2022. In the 2022 debate, described a 15-week limit with exceptions for rape, incest and the mother’s life as reasonable. Congressional vote, debate transcript
Other documented priorities

Supports tax reductions, expanded domestic energy and year-round E15, stricter border enforcement, PBM reforms to reduce drug costs, and an IVF tax credit. These positions are documented on her official economy, border-security, and health pages.

No Party

Michael Bridgford

Abortion access
Position not verifiedNo explicit position or relevant vote verified
No explicit abortion position or relevant voting record verified in the sources reviewed. This is an evidence gap, not a neutral position.
Other documented priorities

Emphasizes fiscal responsibility, Social Security solvency, congressional term limits, stock-trading bans and campaign-finance reform. Also prioritizes healthcare price transparency, rural clinics, water quality, biofuels and safeguards governing AI data centers. Campaign website.

02

Statewide offices

Governor / Lieutenant Governor

The governor leads Iowa’s executive branch and approves or vetoes bills; the lieutenant governor assists and can succeed the governor. Official role ↗

Vote for one ticket
Democratic

Rob Sand / Dave Muhlbauer

Abortion access
Supports abortion accessSand: 2025 · Muhlbauer: 2021
Sand: supports reproductive freedom and says Iowa’s six-week restriction goes too far. Muhlbauer: publicly supported legal abortion during his 2021 Senate campaign; that is a historical statement, rather than a newly verified detailed platform. Sand interview, Muhlbauer’s 2021 position
Other documented priorities

Sand proposes reversing Medicaid privatization, restoring stronger auditor oversight, universal full-day preschool partly financed by limiting vouchers for wealthy families, legalizing and regulating adult-use cannabis, and election reforms involving public primaries and approval voting. Muhlbauer emphasizes rural development, beginning farmers and a proposed Office of Rural Prosperity. Sand’s priorities; Muhlbauer’s rural-policy remarks.

Republican

Zach Lahn / Derek Wulf

Abortion access
Supports restrictionsLahn: campaign · Wulf: 2023 vote
Lahn: pledges to defend Iowa’s “Heartbeat Bill” against repeal or weakening. Wulf: voted for HF 732, the 2023 legislation restricting abortion after detectable cardiac activity, with specified exceptions. Lahn campaign statement, Wulf’s House vote, p. 1059
Other documented priorities

Lahn supports property-tax relief financed partly through higher taxes on data centers and outside investors; independent agricultural-product safety research; water monitoring and conservation incentives; agricultural antitrust enforcement; school choice and education savings accounts; gun rights; and protecting life before birth. Wulf has emphasized limiting eminent domain for carbon pipelines and farmers’ right to repair equipment. Lahn’s platform; Wulf’s selection and policy record.

Secretary of State

Oversees Iowa elections and maintains business filings and other official state records. Official role ↗

Vote for one

Race context: Competitiveness unverified: no reliable race-specific public poll or established rating located in this review.

Democratic

Ryan Peterman

Abortion access
Position not verifiedNo explicit position or relevant vote verified
No explicit abortion position or relevant voting record verified in the sources reviewed. This is an evidence gap, not a neutral position.
Other documented priorities

Supports protecting voters’ personal information, publishing clear election directives, faster public-records responses, consultation with county auditors, stronger cybersecurity and simpler business-service forms. Public Service Agenda.

Republican

Paul D. Pate

Abortion access
Position not verifiedNo explicit position or relevant vote verified
No explicit abortion position or relevant voting record verified in the sources reviewed. This is an evidence gap, not a neutral position.
Other documented priorities

Supports voter ID, election-security safeguards, online registration, overseas military voting and streamlined business filings. His 2026 remarks continue to emphasize voter ID and using federal citizenship-verification information. Campaign website; 2026 interview/report.

Auditor of State

Audits state and local government finances and reviews public spending for accountability and proper use. Official role ↗

Vote for one

Race context: Competitiveness unverified: no reliable race-specific public poll or established rating located in this review.

Democratic

Taylor Wettach

Abortion access
Reproductive-rights pledgeEarlier campaign · January 2026 · details limited
Previously campaigned to restore reproductive rights. Reporting from his January 2026 congressional campaign documents that position; it does not specify an abortion limit or an auditor-specific proposal. Reporting reproduced by VoteWiser
Other documented priorities

Prioritizes independent investigations of waste, fraud and corruption regardless of party, greater spending transparency, and resisting restrictions on the auditor’s oversight and access to information. Campaign statement; campaign-launch interview.

Republican

Chris Cournoyer

Abortion access
Voted for restrictionsHistorical vote · 2023
Historical vote for restrictions. As a state senator, voted for HF 732 in July 2023. Senate journal, p. 1112
Other documented priorities

Proposes using AI and other technology in auditing, collaborating with local governments on efficiencies, promoting the state transparency portal, and implementing recommendations from the governor’s DOGE task force. Campaign vision.

Treasurer of State

Safeguards and invests state funds and manages treasury services and state savings programs. Official role ↗

Vote for one

Race context: Competitiveness unverified: no reliable race-specific public poll or established rating located in this review.

Democratic

John Norwood

Abortion access
Position not verifiedNo explicit position or relevant vote verified
No explicit abortion position or relevant voting record verified in the sources reviewed. This is an evidence gap, not a neutral position.
Other documented priorities

Prioritizes protecting IPERS pensions, stronger financial oversight, keeping more short-term public deposits in Iowa banks and credit unions, and improving access to college savings. Candidate profile; October PBS discussion.

Republican

Roby Smith

Abortion access
Voted for restrictionsHistorical vote · 2018
Historical vote for restrictions. As a state senator, voted for Iowa’s 2018 law restricting abortion after detectable cardiac activity. 2018 roll call
Other documented priorities

Emphasizes managing state investments, continuing office modernization, expanding ISave 529 participation, financial literacy and awareness of IABLE disability savings accounts. October PBS discussion; campaign issues.

Secretary of Agriculture

Leads agricultural regulation and promotion, animal-health programs, and soil and water conservation efforts. Official role ↗

Vote for one

Race context: Competitiveness unverified: no reliable race-specific public poll or established rating located in this review.

Democratic

Chris Jones

Abortion access
Position not verifiedNo explicit position or relevant vote verified
No explicit abortion position or relevant voting record verified in the sources reviewed. This is an evidence gap, not a neutral position.
Other documented priorities

Supports enforceable agricultural-pollution limits, county control over livestock-confinement zoning, crop and livestock diversification, assistance for farmers transitioning to less-polluting practices, stronger local food systems, and a gradual retreat from corn ethanol. Campaign platform.

Republican

Mike Naig

Abortion access
Position not verifiedNo explicit position or relevant vote verified
No explicit abortion position or relevant voting record verified in the sources reviewed. This is an evidence gap, not a neutral position.
Other documented priorities

Supports expanding agricultural exports, biofuels and Choose Iowa local-food markets. Favors farmer-led conservation incentives, cover crops, buffers and wetlands over new mandates; also emphasizes animal health, food safety and beginning farmers. Campaign priorities.

Attorney General

Represents Iowa in court, advises state government and enforces laws including consumer protections. Official role ↗

Vote for one
Democratic

Nate Willems

Abortion access
Voted against a restrictionHistorical vote · 2011 · scope limited
Historical vote against a restriction. Voted against HF 657 in 2011, which proposed prohibiting most abortions at 20 weeks after fertilization, with specified exceptions. That vote alone does not establish his position on every possible abortion limit. House journal, pp. 866–867, bill text
Other documented priorities

Proposes a dedicated wage-theft enforcement unit, stronger consumer and senior protections, environmental enforcement against corporate polluters, and greater emphasis on Iowa-specific legal problems. Campaign priorities.

Republican

Brenna Bird

Abortion access
Defended abortion restrictionsOfficial action · 2023
Supports and has defended restrictions. Defended Iowa’s 2023 abortion law in court and publicly advocated upholding it. Attorney general’s statement
Other documented priorities

Prioritizes cold-case prosecutions, victim services and a proposed Special Victims Unit addressing child sexual exploitation and human trafficking. Defends pursuing state and federal litigation to uphold Iowa laws and constitutional rights. October candidate interview.

03

State legislative offices

State Senator, District 47

Represents the district in Iowa’s Senate, voting on state laws, taxes, budgets and appointments. Official role ↗

Vote for one

Race context: Competitiveness unverified: no reliable race-specific public poll or established rating located in this review.

Democratic

Nikhil Wagle

Abortion access
Reproductive-rights pledgeCampaign profile · details limited
Campaigns to protect reproductive rights. His published candidate profile explicitly names that priority; the source does not specify a gestational limit. Candidate profile
Other documented priorities

Supports stronger public-school investment, lower healthcare and insurance costs, small businesses, infrastructure and jobs, and improved water quality. His county-party profile also identifies reproductive rights and property-tax relief as priorities. Campaign website; candidate profile.

Republican

Scott Webster

Abortion access
Voted for restrictionsHistorical vote · 2023
Voted for restrictions. Supported HF 732 in July 2023. Senate journal, p. 1112
Other documented priorities

Emphasizes income-tax reductions, balanced budgets, job creation, teacher pay and school funding, with greater classroom emphasis on reading, writing and mathematics. Also advocates reducing business regulations. Campaign issues; campaign statement.

State Representative, District 94

Represents the district in Iowa’s House, voting on state laws, taxes and budgets. Official role ↗

Vote for one

Race context: Competitiveness unverified: no reliable race-specific public poll or established rating located in this review.

Democratic

Karen Roebuck

Abortion access
Position not verifiedNo explicit position or relevant vote verified
No explicit abortion position or relevant voting record verified in the sources reviewed. This is an evidence gap, not a neutral position.
Other documented priorities

Prioritizes public schools, support for educators and students, healthy communities, stronger families and opportunities that encourage young people to remain in Iowa. Published priorities are broad; the website offers limited detail on specific legislation or funding. Campaign website.

Republican

Mike Vondran

Abortion access
Voted for restrictionsHistorical vote · 2023
Voted for restrictions. Supported HF 732 in July 2023. House journal, p. 1059
Other documented priorities

Supports lower family taxes, business growth, balanced budgets and reduced waste. Highlights nurse-practitioner legislation, rural business opportunities, workforce and technical education, and youth mental and physical health services. Campaign website.

04

County offices

County Board of Supervisors

Sets county policy, approves the county budget and oversees county services and spending. Official role ↗

Vote for no more than three

Race context: Competitiveness unverified: no reliable race-specific public poll or established rating located in this review.

Democratic

Stephen Doerscher

Abortion access
Position not verifiedNo explicit position or relevant vote verified
No explicit abortion position or relevant voting record verified in the sources reviewed. This is an evidence gap, not a neutral position.
Other documented priorities

Prioritizes reliable energy, clean water, fair wages, job security and fulfilling existing county service commitments. Candidate statement/profile.

Democratic

Kevin Randle

Abortion access
Position not verifiedNo explicit position or relevant vote verified
No explicit abortion position or relevant voting record verified in the sources reviewed. This is an evidence gap, not a neutral position.
Other documented priorities

Supports affordable housing, responsible economic development, water quality and strong public services while maintaining budget discipline. Also proposes restoring county funding for the Center for Active Seniors, Inc. (CASI). Campaign website; October questionnaire.

Democratic

Tim Carr

Abortion access
Position not verifiedNo explicit position or relevant vote verified
No explicit abortion position or relevant voting record verified in the sources reviewed. This is an evidence gap, not a neutral position.
Other documented priorities

Supports transparent and fiscally responsible county government, clean water, public safety, responsible growth, fair wages and small farmers. Candidate statement/profile.

Republican

John Maxwell

Abortion access
Position not verifiedNo explicit position or relevant vote verified
No explicit abortion position or relevant voting record verified in the sources reviewed. This is an evidence gap, not a neutral position.
Other documented priorities

Emphasizes keeping taxes low while maintaining services. Supports the county’s operation of MEDIC EMS as a way to preserve reliable ambulance service. 2026 reelection interview, page 6A.

Republican

Luana Stoltenberg

Abortion access
Supports broader restrictionsVote and advocacy · 2023
Supports broader restrictions. As a state representative, voted for HF 732 in 2023. She also sponsored legislation intended to prohibit abortion from conception and publicly advocated eliminating abortion in Iowa. House vote, reporting on her legislation and statements
Other documented priorities

Prioritizes reducing property taxes while maintaining essential services, fiscal accountability, accessible government and clearer communication with residents. Campaign announcement.

Republican

Jean Dickson

Abortion access
Position not verifiedNo explicit position or relevant vote verified
No explicit abortion position or relevant voting record verified in the sources reviewed. This is an evidence gap, not a neutral position.
Other documented priorities

Emphasizes transparency and constituent communication, maintaining MEDIC EMS, and adapting county spending and services to state property-tax changes. 2026 reelection interview, page 6A.

No Party

Wendy Walljasper

Abortion access
Position not verifiedNo explicit position or relevant vote verified
No explicit abortion position or relevant voting record verified in the sources reviewed. This is an evidence gap, not a neutral position.
Other documented priorities

Supports stronger county home-rule authority and public scrutiny of development proposals. Opposes development-related nondisclosure agreements for supervisors and county staff, and favors changing practices that inefficiently spend public money or fail residents. October candidate questionnaire.

County Treasurer

Collects property taxes, manages county funds and handles vehicle registration and title services. Official role ↗

Vote for one

Race context: Competitiveness unverified: no reliable race-specific public poll or established rating located in this review.

Democratic

Samuel Samara

Abortion access
Position not verifiedNo explicit position or relevant vote verified
No explicit abortion position or relevant voting record verified in the sources reviewed. This is an evidence gap, not a neutral position.
Other documented priorities

Would restore walk-in options alongside appointments. Proposes exploring early and evening hours at the new Paul Revere office, using customer feedback to shape service hours. Supports relocation but questions whether less-expensive premises were adequately considered. October questionnaire.

Republican

Gregory T Guy

Abortion access
Position not verifiedNo explicit position or relevant vote verified
No explicit abortion position or relevant voting record verified in the sources reviewed. This is an evidence gap, not a neutral position.
Other documented priorities

Favors retaining appointments for regular service while ensuring urgent situations can be accommodated. Supports the relocation to Paul Revere Square and would initially retain existing hours, reassessing them after learning the office’s operations. October questionnaire.

County Recorder

Maintains land and vital records and issues marriage licenses and specified recreational licenses and registrations. Official role ↗

Vote for one

Race context: Competitiveness unverified: no reliable race-specific public poll or established rating located in this review.

Democratic

Toby Paone

Abortion access
Position not verifiedNo explicit position or relevant vote verified
No explicit abortion position or relevant voting record verified in the sources reviewed. This is an evidence gap, not a neutral position.
Other documented priorities

Promises prompt, courteous service; professional and transparent records management; protection of digital records; and economical use of taxpayer funds. Candidate statement/profile.

Republican

Michael E Wulf

Abortion access
Position not verifiedNo explicit position or relevant vote verified
No explicit abortion position or relevant voting record verified in the sources reviewed. This is an evidence gap, not a neutral position.
Other documented priorities

Prioritizes accurate records, faster processing, respectful service, modernized systems, transparent performance measures and responsible budgeting. Campaign website.

County Attorney

Prosecutes state-law crimes in the county and serves as legal adviser to county government. Official role ↗

Vote for one

Race context: One printed candidate. No head-to-head polling or battleground rating is included; write-in votes remain possible.

Republican

Kelly Cunningham-Haan

Abortion access
Position not verifiedNo explicit position or relevant vote verified
No explicit abortion position or relevant voting record verified in the sources reviewed. This is an evidence gap, not a neutral position.
Other documented priorities

Limited published 2026 platform found. Current materials emphasize experience prosecuting violent crime, drug trafficking and sexual abuse, and cooperation with law enforcement. These are background themes; I did not locate a detailed new policy agenda. She is the only printed candidate. Current candidate information.

05

Nonpartisan offices

No substantive candidate-authored 2026 platforms were located for these offices. Service and institutional duties are background information, not personal policy promises. Conservation district · Extension council responsibilities

Soil and Water Conservation District Commissioner

Guides local conservation priorities and assistance for protecting soil, water and working lands. Official role ↗

Vote for no more than two

Race context: Competitiveness unverified: no reliable race-specific public poll or established rating located in this review.

NonpartisanNo platform found

Christine Bolte

Abortion access
Position not verifiedNo explicit position or relevant vote verified
No explicit abortion position or relevant voting record verified in the sources reviewed. This is an evidence gap, not a neutral position.
Public information

Current district vice-chairperson; no individual platform found. District roster.

NonpartisanNo platform found

Marty Larson

Abortion access
Position not verifiedNo explicit position or relevant vote verified
No explicit abortion position or relevant voting record verified in the sources reviewed. This is an evidence gap, not a neutral position.
Public information

No substantive public platform found. Official candidate listing.

NonpartisanNo platform found

Chad Dexter

Abortion access
Position not verifiedNo explicit position or relevant vote verified
No explicit abortion position or relevant voting record verified in the sources reviewed. This is an evidence gap, not a neutral position.
Public information

Current district chairperson; no individual platform found. District roster.

NonpartisanNo platform found

Alexandra Dermody

Abortion access
Position not verifiedNo explicit position or relevant vote verified
No explicit abortion position or relevant voting record verified in the sources reviewed. This is an evidence gap, not a neutral position.
Public information

No substantive public platform found for this conservation race. Official candidate listing.

County Agricultural Extension Council

Oversees local Extension education programs, budgets and staffing for agriculture, youth and community needs. Official role ↗

Vote for no more than five

Race context: Five printed candidates for five available seats. No head-to-head polling or battleground rating is included; write-in votes remain possible.

NonpartisanNo platform found

Steve Gustafson

Abortion access
Position not verifiedNo explicit position or relevant vote verified
No explicit abortion position or relevant voting record verified in the sources reviewed. This is an evidence gap, not a neutral position.
Public information

No substantive public platform found. Official candidate listing.

NonpartisanNo platform found

Julianne M. Fischer

Abortion access
Position not verifiedNo explicit position or relevant vote verified
No explicit abortion position or relevant voting record verified in the sources reviewed. This is an evidence gap, not a neutral position.
Public information

No substantive public platform found. Official candidate listing.

NonpartisanNo platform found

Tom Monroe

Abortion access
Position not verifiedNo explicit position or relevant vote verified
No explicit abortion position or relevant voting record verified in the sources reviewed. This is an evidence gap, not a neutral position.
Public information

Current council member; also represents the region on the Iowa Extension Council Association board. No individual campaign platform found. County roster; association board.

NonpartisanNo platform found

Honey Bedell

Abortion access
Position not verifiedNo explicit position or relevant vote verified
No explicit abortion position or relevant voting record verified in the sources reviewed. This is an evidence gap, not a neutral position.
Public information

Current council member; no individual campaign platform found. County roster.

NonpartisanNo platform found

Connie Nagel

Abortion access
Position not verifiedNo explicit position or relevant vote verified
No explicit abortion position or relevant voting record verified in the sources reviewed. This is an evidence gap, not a neutral position.
Public information

No substantive public platform found. Official candidate listing.

County Agricultural Extension Council — To Fill A Vacancy

Fills an unexpired council seat overseeing local Extension education programs, budgets and staffing. Official role ↗

Vote for one

Race context: One printed candidate. No head-to-head polling or battleground rating is included; write-in votes remain possible.

NonpartisanNo platform found

Kathryn Fiscus

Abortion access
Position not verifiedNo explicit position or relevant vote verified
No explicit abortion position or relevant voting record verified in the sources reviewed. This is an evidence gap, not a neutral position.
Public information

The only printed candidate for this separate vacancy election. No substantive public platform found. Official candidate listing.

06

Judicial retention

A separate Yes / No decision for each judge. Yes retains the judge; No opposes retention. These are not contested candidate races. Iowa’s retention process ↗

The 2026 Iowa State Bar Association review reports the attorney survey figures below. Participation was voluntary; assessments were not independently verified. Retention support is neither an election result nor a representative public poll. The linked review includes biographies and individual performance measures. No party or abortion alignment is assigned.

Court of Appeals Judges

Review trial-court decisions for legal error in cases transferred by the Iowa Supreme Court. Official role ↗

Judge / performance reviewRetention supportReported respondents
Julie A. Schumacher92.7%178
Sharon Soorholtz Greer90.9%230
John M. Sandy87.8%197

District Court Judges

Preside over trials and hearings in criminal, civil, family and other cases. Official role ↗

Judge / performance reviewRetention supportReported respondents
Tamra J. Roberts92.2%90
Jeffrey McDaniel75.6%78
Elizabeth O'Donnell92.2%64
Joel William Barrows93.9%98
Henry William Latham II86.7%113
Mark Ray Lawson58.6%99
Patrick A. McElyea96.0%100

Associate District Court Judges

Hear misdemeanors, specified felonies, smaller civil disputes and assigned juvenile matters. Official role ↗

Judge / performance reviewRetention supportReported respondents
Cheryl E. Traum94.0%50
07

Constitutional Amendment 1

State income-tax voting requirement · vote Yes or No

  • A Yes vote would require approval from at least two-thirds of all elected members of each legislative chamber to increase state individual or corporate income-tax rates, increase other covered income- or reserve-based tax rates, or establish a new state tax on those bases.
  • A No vote rejects that constitutional requirement and preserves the existing legislative approval threshold.
  • The amendment excludes taxes imposed at a local government’s option. Challenges alleging improper enactment under this provision would have to be filed within one year.
  • It changes the legislative approval threshold. The practical tradeoff is requiring broader agreement for covered tax increases while reducing future legislatures’ flexibility to raise that revenue.

The ballot’s full text governs; the Legislature identifies the proposal as SJR 11. Official legislative history; ballot text, second page.